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Hjalmar Borgstrøm
Hjalmar Borgstrøm (23 March 1864 – 5 July 1925) was a Norwegian composer and music critic who played a prominent role in the musical life of his country in the first quarter of the 20th century.〔Guldbrandsen, ''Store norske leksikon''〕
==Biography==
He was born Hjalmar Jensen on 23 March 1864 in Kristiania (now Oslo).〔In 1887 he changed his surname to Borgstrøm, which had been his mother's maiden name.〕 His father, Carl Christian Jensen, was a civil servant and the family were keen amateur musicians. Borgstrøm showed an early aptitude for music and by the age of fifteen was a talented violinist. After studying composition and music theory in Oslo with Johan Svendsen and Ludvig Mathias Lindeman, he went to the Leipzig Conservatory in Germany for two years. On his return to Norway in 1889, he worked as a music critic for several newspapers and successfully premiered his cantata, ''Hvæm er du med de tusene navne'' (Who are you with a thousand names). However, in 1890, he left Norway and was to live for the next thirteen years in Leipzig and Berlin, where he became a friend of the Italian composer and pianist Ferruccio Busoni whose musical philosophy he shared.〔Guldbrandsen, Simax Classics〕
Borgstrøm returned to Norway in 1903, the year in which his symphonic poem for piano and orchestra, ''Hamlet'', premiered to great acclaim in Oslo. The soloist at the premiere was the pianist Amalie Müller. Borgstrøm and Müller married the following year and she was to become a champion of his works. The period between 1903 and Amalie's death in 1913 marked Borgstrøm's most intense period of composition. Although, he is primarily known for his symphonic works, written in a late Romantic style with influences of Expressionism, he also composed 45 songs, most notably "Svalerne" (The Swallows), "Rød valmue" (Red Poppy), and "Frossen skog" (Frozen Forest), as well as two operas, neither of which was performed in his lifetime.〔Benestad〕 He also became a highly regarded music critic, writing for ''Verdens Gang'' from 1903 to 1913 and ''Aftenposten'' from 1913 to 1925.〔
Borgstrøm died in Oslo in on 5 July 1925 at the age of 61. His works were regularly performed until World War II, and were then largely ignored. However, the 21st century saw a resurgence of interest in him.〔 His two operas finally received their premieres over a hundred years after they were first composed — ''Thora paa Rimol'' (Thora of Rimol) in 2002 and ''Der Fischer'' (The Fisherman) in 2003.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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